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DNA sequencing has changedgeneticsfrom a sophisticated guessing plot into a surd skill . With this instrument , biologists are able to locate the molecular codification from which trait emerge . They can blob genetic mutation , and from those , trace how similarspecies evolved aside . Down the route , sequence will avail scientists refine factor therapy technique to treat disease , andgenetic engineeringto improvement biotechnology .

cistron sequencing is painstaking work , but it ’s so useful that the full genome of ten of grand of organism have been sequenced over the past 15 years , admit all 3.3 billion base pairs of the human genome , which an external collaborationism of geneticist sequenced 10 years ago . To learn how it ’s done , we start with part 5 of a video tutorial created by the National Human Genome Research Institute . Parts1,2,3 , and4give some excellent background about the Human Genome Project , DNA , howE. coli bacterium is used to store and replicate segments of human DNA , and how scientists produce the supplying that is then used for sequencing . And that last bit is what we ’re really interested in here : Howdidscientists memorise the episode of all 3.3 billion base twosome ? We ’ll let the videos do the talking .

an illustration of DNA

Part 5 : Preparing DNA for Sequencing

Part 6 : sequence Reactions

Part 7 : product of Sequencing chemical reaction

A picture of Ingrida Domarkienė sat at a lab bench using a marker to write on a test tube. She is wearing a white lab coat.

Part 8 : Separating the Sequencing merchandise

Part 9 : read the Sequencing Products

Part 10 : piece the Results

African American twin sisters wearing headphones enjoying music in the park, wearing jackets because of the cold.

Part 11 : Conclusion

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An illustration of DNA

Feather buds after 12 hour incubation.

a person holds a GLP-1 injector

an MRI scan of a brain

Pile of whole cucumbers

X-ray image of the man�s neck and skull with a white and a black arrow pointing to areas of trapped air underneath the skin of his neck

Pseudomonas aeruginosa as seen underneath a microscope.

Garmin Fenix 8 on a green background

An image comparing the relative sizes of our solar system�s known dwarf planets, including the newly discovered 2017 OF201

A man with light skin and dark hair and beard leans back in a wooden boat, rowing with oars into the sea

A photograph of two of Colossal�s genetically engineered wolves as pups.

an abstract image of intersecting lasers